佃农理论（英语原着）

Theterm”economicefficiency”fchoice,subjectt,,onewondersisetaliteratureprovidedaconvincingimpressionofmisallocation.

Buttheinefficiencyargumentagainstshareleasesisonlyoneo,ahighrentistakenas”exploitation”thatdampensthetenantsincentive,andshort-termleasesareregardedas”insecure”,lesharecroppingillegal,tointerveneinthetermsofthecontract,ortoabolishfarmtenancyaltogether.

Sinceavarietyofcontractualarrangementsexistunderprivateownershipsofresources,,—thatcontractualchoicesaremadetoattainthepreferreddistributionofrisksubjecttotheconstraintoftransactioncosts—wasexpounded,itwasarguedthatleasedurationsarechosentominimizetransactioncosts.

Ofthevariousaspectsoftheeconomicsofpropertyrights,Ihaveconcentra,foramongtenurearrangements,

ApreliminaryinvestigationofpropertylawsgoverningfarmlandownershipinChinaandTaiwanbefore1949concludedt,therefore,wasbinedwithstandardecono,thetheoreticalresultsshowedthatdifferentconthosenfromperiodsandlocationswheretheexistingsyste,buttheyrefutedthetradi-

www.youxs.org:(a)thereallocationofresourcesasdescribedinparagraph1above;(b)theriseincropareaandcrophectareyieldofintramarginalcropsintenantfarms;(c)thesignificantriseincropareaformarginalcropsaddedintenantfarmsatarateproportionatelygreaterthanthedecreaseincrophectareyield,thusleadingtoariseoftotalyieldperacreofcultivated(physical)landintenantfarms;and(d)theproductionresponsesofhorticulture.

,thetaxapproachfailedthetrialoflogicaswellasthetrialoffact.

www.youxs.org

Thisstudyhasanalyzedtheinterplayofpropertylaws,economictheory,,thoughplex,isperhapstheonlyapproachthroughwhichtheeconomicsoflandtenurecanbeproperlyunderstood.

www.youxs.org(a)theland-farmerratiodeclinedfortenantfarmsandincreasedforownerfarms,totheextentthattheformerwassignificantlylowerthanthelatter;(b)tenantswerereportedtohaveworkedlongerhoursandmoredaysinayear,(c)fertilizersusedwereofhigherquality;and(d)theincreaseintenantinewasreportedtohavebeenlargelyinvestedinland.

WhileIarguedthatthetheoreticalresultsofthetax-equivalentanalysisareerroneous,Ididnotclaimthatunattenuatedprivatepr,,assumingzerotransactioncosts,thetheoryofshareten,thetheorysucceedsinexplainingmuchoftheobservedfarmingbehavior.

www.youxs.org:(a)thereallocationofresourcesasdescribedinparagraph1above;(b)thegeneraldecreaseincrophectareyieldsformarginalcropsaddedintenantfarms;and(c)theoutputresponsesofhorticulture.

www.youxs.org(a)ashortergrowingtime,or(b)talsharerestriction.

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